Background of the study
Derivational morphology, the process of forming new words through affixation and other morphological operations, is a hallmark of Yoruba proverbs in Osun State. Proverbs, as vehicles of wisdom and cultural values, often employ derivational processes to convey nuanced meanings and moral lessons. This study investigates how derivational morphology operates within Yoruba proverbs, analyzing patterns of affixation, compounding, and reduplication that enhance semantic depth (Adeyemi, 2023). In Osun State, proverbs are passed down through generations, reflecting both the stability and adaptability of the language. The morphological structures in these proverbs not only serve a communicative function but also reinforce cultural identity and historical continuity (Oluseyi, 2024). By employing a combination of textual analysis and field interviews, the research aims to document the derivational processes that underpin Yoruba proverbs. The study also explores how modern influences may be altering these traditional forms, thereby impacting the transmission of cultural heritage (Babatunde, 2025). This investigation will contribute to the broader understanding of the interplay between morphology and cultural expression in Yoruba.
Statement of the problem
Despite the recognized importance of derivational morphology in Yoruba proverbs, there is a lack of systematic research on the specific processes employed in Osun State. Existing studies provide limited insights into how affixation and compounding contribute to the semantic richness of proverbs (Adeyemi, 2023). The absence of detailed documentation hampers efforts to preserve these traditional forms and undermines language education initiatives aimed at fostering cultural continuity (Oluseyi, 2024). Additionally, modern linguistic influences may be modifying derivational patterns, yet the extent of this impact remains unclear. Addressing this gap is essential for understanding the mechanisms of proverb formation and for developing strategies to preserve Yoruba cultural heritage (Babatunde, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
To document derivational morphological processes in Yoruba proverbs.
To analyze the role of affixation and compounding in proverb formation.
To assess the impact of modern influences on traditional derivational patterns.
Research questions:
What derivational processes are evident in Yoruba proverbs in Osun State?
How do affixation and compounding enhance semantic meaning?
What changes are observed in derivational patterns due to modern influences?
Research Hypotheses:
Derivational morphology is central to the formation of Yoruba proverbs.
Traditional affixation and compounding patterns are maintained despite modern influences.
Modern media exposure leads to measurable shifts in derivational morphology.
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it provides insights into the morphological foundations of Yoruba proverbs, informing both linguistic theory and cultural preservation efforts. Its findings will support educators and cultural custodians in maintaining traditional linguistic practices (Adeyemi, 2023; Babatunde, 2025).
Scope and limitations of the study:
The study is limited to investigating derivational morphology in Yoruba proverbs in Osun State. It focuses solely on morphological processes without extending to other literary devices.
Definitions of terms:
Derivational Morphology: The process of creating new words by adding affixes.
Proverbs: Short, traditional sayings that express cultural wisdom.
Yoruba: An indigenous language spoken predominantly in southwestern Nigeria.
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